Early Detection
Early detection is done by taking visual acuity, ocular motility examination and perimetry to children under 12 years. If these tests are normal again a year are performed.
VISUAL HEALTH PROTOCOL
If the result of screening should be altered to refer to the optometrist or ophthalmologist for diagnosis and disposition.
Visual Acuity
Visual acuity is a measure of visual health, must be assumed as a technique to determine the status of the quantity and quality of vision. One should understand that eye care is not completed in the making of visual acuity.
From 5 to 14 years
* The test should be safe lighting.
* The usual distance should be 6 meters if different distance must be compensated.
* Evaluate each eye separately starting with the right. The eye is not considered to be occluded.
* Test results are recorded in digital form of fractions, expressed in feet.
* Patients with visual acuity less than 20/20 in either eye should be referred to comprehensive review.
* The technique used is the same as above but using a primer for near vision at a distance of 33 to 40 cms.
From 15 to 40 years
For distance vision
* The test should be safe lighting.
* The usual distance should be 6 meters, in different case the distance must be compensated.
* Evaluate each eye separately starting with the right. The eye is not considered to be occluded.
* Test results are recorded in a number of fractions, expressed in feet.
From 15 to 40 years
* Patients with visual acuity less than 20/20 in either eye should be referred to comprehensive review.
* The technique used is the same as above but using a primer for near vision at a distance of 33 to 40 cms.
Ocular Motility
It assesses the functioning of the extraocular muscles as follows:
* Diagnostic positions of gaze using a light source or a real object in monocular and binocular near vision.
* Cover-test to 6 meters. to 40 cms. and 20 cms. using a light source and a real object or occluder.
Perimetry
Visual field is assessed as follows:
Monocularly, using a real indicator or light, the patient should set right in front a fixed point. The indicator is moved from the periphery to the center and the person reporting the time when the indicator appears or disappears. This test should be conducted at different levels Cartesian (horizontal, vertical and oblique).
Diagnostics
Optometrist should be referred to any person with results of evaluation of visual acuity less than or greater than 20/20. The treatment for the defects of refraction is to prescribe optical correction. This activity is performed by the optometrist.
When the person does not have an improvement in vision in both eyes with the conventional optical prescription is referred to the ophthalmologist and subsequently to functional rehabilitation unit.
If the results of evaluation of ocular motility is strabismus, refers to the optometrist. He diagnosed strabismus orthoptics and receive preoperative treatment by an optometrist and surgical treatment by an ophthalmologist.
A person diagnosed with cataract is referred to the ophthalmologist for surgical treatment or control of it as evolution.
Coverage
To achieve coverage goals, available resources should be used primarily in the population group where the alterations are more frequent.
Coverage for Year 2. 000 is 20% of the universe.
The activities of screening, diagnosis and treatment to correct refractive errors of cataracts and strabismus are:
* Eye health screening in school children under 12 years, public and charitable institutions and coordinate the access of people suspected of altering the relevant entities for definitive diagnosis and timely treatment.”
VISUAL HEALTH PROTOCOL
* Control of visual acuity once a year.
* Control of refractive services once a year.
* Control of optometry once a year for examination of ocular motility.
* Control of perimetry once a year for visual field examination.
* Person with a diagnosis of cataract refers to ophthalmology for treatment.
* Person with a diagnosis of strabismus orthoptics referred to ophthalmology for treatment or surgery.
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